Ethical hacking, also known as penetration testing or white-hat hacking, involves an authorized attempt to gain illegitimate access to a computer system, application, or data. Unlike malicious hackers, ethical hackers identify vulnerabilities and provide solutions to enhance security.
An ethical hacker or penetration tester is a cybersecurity professional trained to identify and fix vulnerabilities in systems before malicious hackers can exploit them. They simulate real-world cyberattacks to assess risk and strengthen security posture.
Ethical hackers learn and perform hacking in a professional manner, based on the direction of the client, and later, present a maturity scorecard highlighting their overall risk and vulnerabilities and suggestions to improve.


The primary benefit of penetration testing is to prevent data from being stolen and misused by malicious attackers, as well as: